21 49 In Lowest Terms
Countries or territories by Gdp (PPP) per capita in 2022.
| >$lx,000 $fifty,000 – $60,000 $40,000 – $50,000 $thirty,000 – $40,000 | $xx,000 – $thirty,000 $10,000 – $20,000 $v,000 – $ten,000 $two,500 – $5,000 | $1,500 – $2,500 <$1,500 No data |
This article is a list of the countries of the world by gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing ability parity (PPP) per capita, i.e., the PPP value of all concluding appurtenances and services produced within an economic system in a given yr, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year. This is similar to nominal GDP per capita, merely adapted for the cost of living in each country.
In 2019, the estimated boilerplate GDP per capita (PPP) of all of the countries of the globe was Int$ 18,381.[n i] For rankings regarding wealth, see listing of countries past wealth per adult.
Method
The gross domestic product (Gdp) per capita figures on this page are derived from PPP calculations. Such calculations are prepared past diverse organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced past different organizations for the same land are not hard facts and tend to differ, sometimes substantially, then they should be used with caution.
Comparisons of national wealth are frequently made on the basis of nominal Gdp and savings (not merely income), which practice not reflect differences in the cost of living in dissimilar countries (see List of countries by Gross domestic product (nominal) per capita); hence, using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing generalized differences in living standards betwixt economies because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using only exchange rates, which may distort the existent differences in income.
This is why Gross domestic product (PPP) per capita is often considered one of the indicators of a country'south standard of living,[3] [four] although this can be problematic because Gross domestic product per capita is not a measure of personal income. (Come across Standard of living and Gross domestic product.)
GDP (PPP) and GDP (PPP) per capita are normally measured by international dollar, which is a hypothetical currency that has the same purchasing power in every economic system equally the U.South. dollar in the United States.
Table
All figures are in current international dollars, and rounded to the nearest whole number.
The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available estimates, and can be reranked by either of the sources
* Well-nigh all country links in the table connect to manufactures titled "Income in (country or territory)" or to "Economy of (land or territory)".
Footnotes
- ^ There have been no exclusive judge for world boilerplate by Imf. For calculating 2019 data, total GDP approximate by IMF[1] have been divided by total population estimates by Un Population Prospects.[ii]
- ^ The proper name used in the Imf study is "West Banking company and Gaza"
- ^ The proper name used in the World Bank report is "Westward Banking company and Gaza"
- ^ CIA uses two separated figures when referring to the Palestinian territories, the first is for "West Depository financial institution" and the 2nd is for the "Gaza Strip"
Expanding the coverage of illegal economic activities in euro area national accounts
The share of the shadow economy is significant in many European countries, ranging from less than ten to over forty percent of Gdp.[12] Since 2014, Eu member states have been encouraged past Eurostat, the official statistics body, to include some illegal activities.[thirteen] [14] [15]
Manipulation of data
A peer-reviewed study published in the Journal of Political Economy in October 2022 plant signs of manipulation of economic growth statistics in the majority of countries.[16] Co-ordinate to the study, this mainly applied to countries that were governed semi-authoritarian/disciplinarian or did not accept a operation separation of powers. The study took the almanac growth in brightness of lights at night, as measured by satellites, and compared information technology to officially reported economical growth. Authoritarian states had consistently college reported growth in GDP than their growth in night lights would advise. An consequence that also cannot exist explained by different economic structures, sector limerick or other factors. Incorrect growth statistics can as well falsify indicators such as Gdp or Gdp per capita.[17]
Distorted Gdp-per-capita for tax havens
There are many natural economical reasons for GDP-per-capita to vary between jurisdictions (east.thousand. places rich in Oil & Gas reserves tend to accept high Gdp-per-capita figures). However, information technology is increasingly being recognized that revenue enhancement havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially loftier, or inflated, Gdp-per-capita figures.[18] It is estimated that over fifteen% of global jurisdictions are revenue enhancement havens (see tax haven lists).[19] An IMF investigation estimates that circa 40% of global foreign directly investment flows, which heavily influence the Gross domestic product of various jurisdictions, are described every bit "phantom" transactions.[20]
A stunning $12 trillion—nigh 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real action. These investments in empty corporate shells well-nigh e'er pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Republic of ireland, and Singapore—host more 85 percent of the globe's investment in special purpose entities, which are frequently prepare up for tax reasons.
In 2017, Ireland'southward economic information became so distorted past U.S. multinational taxation avoidance strategies (see leprechaun economics), likewise known as BEPS actions, that Ireland effectively abandoned GDP (and GNP) statistics as credible measures of its economic system, and created a replacement statistic called modified gross national income (or GNI*). Ireland is one of the globe's largest corporate tax havens.
Ireland has, more than or less, stopped using GDP to measure its own economic system. And on current trends [because Irish Gdp is distorting Eu-28 aggregate data], the eurozone taken as a whole may demand to consider something similar.
The statistical distortions created by the impact on the Irish gaelic National Accounts of the global assets and activities of a handful of large multinational corporations accept now become and so large as to brand a mockery of conventional uses of Irish GDP.
A list of the peak 15 Gross domestic product-per-capita countries from 2016 to 2017, contains most of the major global revenue enhancement havens (see GDP-per-capita tax oasis proxy for more particular):
| International Monetary Fund (2017) | Globe Bank (2016) [23] [24] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See besides
- List of countries by GDP (nominal)
- List of countries by by and projected Gdp (PPP) per capita
- List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
- Listing of countries by Gross domestic product (PPP) per capita growth charge per unit
- Listing of International monetary fund ranked countries by Gross domestic product
- Quality of life
- Big Mac Alphabetize
- Regime spending
References
- ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, 2019". IMF.org. International monetary fund. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ^ ""Overall total population" – Earth Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ^ "Sarkozy attacks focus on economic growth (French president urges more accent on quality of life)", The Guardian, 14-09-2009.
- ^ "Alternative progress indicators to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) equally a ways towards sustainable development" [ dead link ]
- ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022". Imf.org. International Budgetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 13 Oct 2022.
- ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022 Edition / Study for Selected Countries and Subjects: European Union". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved xiii October 2022.
- ^ "World Economical Outlook database: October 2022 / Written report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Syrian arab republic". Imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ "GDP per capita, PPP (electric current international $)". data.worldbank.org . Retrieved xix October 2022.
- ^ Real Gross domestic product per capita, The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 19 October 2022.
- ^ "The Globe Factbook - European Union". CIA.gov . Retrieved nineteen Oct 2022.
- ^ "The World Factbook - Earth". CIA.gov . Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ "Explaining the Shadow Economy in Europe: Size, Causes and Policy Options". Imf. November 2019.
- ^ "Sizing Upward Black Markets and Reddish-Calorie-free Districts for G.D.P." The New York Times. 9 July 2014.
- ^ "Gross domestic product to include illegal activity". Financier Worldwide Magazine. Baronial 2014.
- ^ "Handbook on the compilation of statistics on illegal economic activities in national accounts and balance of payments". Eurostat. half-dozen March 2018.
- ^ "A study of lights at night suggests dictators lie about economic growth". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
- ^ Martínez, Luis R. (1 October 2022). "How Much Should We Trust the Dictator's GDP Growth Estimates?". Periodical of Political Economy. 130 (10): 2731–2769. doi:10.1086/720458. ISSN 0022-3808.
- ^ "How tax havens plough economic statistics into nonsense". Quartz. 11 June 2018.
- ^ Dharmapala, Dhammika; Hines, James R. Jr. (2009). "Which Countries Get Taxation Havens?" (PDF). Journal of Public Economics. 93 (9–10): 1058–1068. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.07.005. S2CID 16653726. The paper implicitly adopts the "smaller" revenue enhancement haven approach, i.e., disregarding larger countries which accept either depression taxes rates (for case, Russia), or systems of taxation which permit them to be used to structure taxation avoidance schemes (for instance, the United kingdom). It as well excludes non-sovereign revenue enhancement havens (for instance, Delaware or Labuan).
- ^ a b "Piercing the Veil, FINANCE & Development, JUNE 2018, VOL. 55, NO. 2". Imf Finance & Evolution. June 2018.
- ^ "Ireland Exports its Leprechaun". Council on Foreign Relations. 11 May 2018.
- ^ "The Irish gaelic National Accounts: Towards some do's and don'ts". irisheconomy.ie. 13 July 2016.
- ^ "PPP (current international $)". data.worldbank.org. Globe Bank. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
- ^ "Earth Banking company, International Comparison Program database". Retrieved x April 2018.
21 49 In Lowest Terms,
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita
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